AiBuyStocks® User Manual
Requirements
Mac version Requires: macOS 12 Monterey or later (64-bit Intel or Apple Silicon), .NET 10 Runtime, 4GB RAM minimum, 8GB RAM recommended, and 200MB available disk space for the application.
Browser: A current version of Microsoft Edge, Google Chrome, Safari, or Firefox.
Screen: A desktop or laptop display is recommended for reviewing detailed patient results and certificates.
Patents Pending
What Is Zero-Training AI™?
Our Zero-Training AI™ represents the
Dimensions, Relationships, and Constraints within an
N-Dimensional Space I call
Decision Space™.
I then endow Decision Space™ with an
N-dimensional Riemannian geometry by defining a metric tensor
gij on the tangent space at every point. Its local tangent
spaces represent permissible infinitesimal changes, while the metric determines
the manifold’s geodesics, Christoffel symbols, Levi-Civita connection, and
curvature tensors. The metric tensor mathematically describes the changing
relationships and decision costs among dimensions, while the manifold’s
curvature represents how constraints deform the available decision paths.
Each potential decision becomes a trajectory across this curved geometry. Using covariant derivatives, geodesic equations, stationary-action principles, Lagrange multipliers, and constrained optimization, the system calculates a candidate path that satisfies the objective while remaining within the feasible and safe region of Decision Space™. The candidate is accepted as a valid minimum only after satisfying the Riemannian Karush–Kuhn–Tucker conditions and the second-order sufficient optimality condition. This requires the constrained Riemannian Hessian of the Lagrangian to be positive definite over the feasible critical directions, establishing a Morse index of zero and confirming that the solution is a strict local minimum—not a maximum or saddle point. Where geodesic convexity can also be established, the solution is certified as a global minimum. As conditions change, the manifold’s metric, curvature, and constraint boundaries change, causing the trajectory and its minimum certificate to be recalculated directly from the new conditions—without training data, pattern matching, or probabilistic guessing. The result is an explainable decision whose dimensions, relationships, constraints, geometric trajectory, optimality conditions, and final authorization can all be inspected and independently verified.
AiBuyStocks® applies this technology to medical-policy and healthcare-quality evaluation, converting complex clinical requirements and patient data into fast, consistent, auditable decisions. It identifies compliant patients, exclusions, missing evidence, and actionable care gaps while producing a transparent Decision Certificate™ for every result—creating a scalable platform for reducing administrative costs, improving quality performance, and supporting better patient outcomes.
What AiBuyStocks® Does
AiBuyStocks® is deterministic stock-comparison, authorization, portfolio-allocation, account-tracking and performance-measurement software. You choose the securities to compare, supply the investment instructions and authorized market data, and the Decision Engine™ evaluates the configured Dimensions, Relationships and Constraints. The result is an explainable comparison rather than a trained prediction or an unexplained score.
The application has two connected workflows:
- Research and decision workflow: import stock data, choose candidates, provide decision-use market data, enter your investment instructions, calculate Stocks to Buy, and inspect each Decision Certificate™.
- Account and performance workflow: log in, use an Investor Profile, create one or more investment accounts, record deposits and investment activity, maintain prices, and review holdings, gains and performance.
Quick Start
- Accept the Important User Agreement. Read the disclosures before using any decision output.
- Open START HERE. This is the guided entry point for a new user and links to every step in the normal workflow.
- Prepare Stock Data. Open Advanced > Stock Data Import and start or resume the public-data import. On a new installation the database tables are created automatically, but the large stock-universe import begins only when you authorize it.
- Choose Stocks. Search the stock table and check between 2 and 1,000 operating companies that you want compared. Set a maximum allocation for each checked stock if desired.
- Provide market data. Import authorized decision-use market history, or enter a current sizing price on a Stock Dashboard when you need target share quantities.
- Calculate Stocks to Buy. Enter available capital, a Return Target, an Investment Horizon and the maximum number of stocks the final portfolio may contain.
- Review the results. Read the reason, binding constraint and Decision Certificate for each security. A checked stock is only a candidate; it is not automatically a BUY.
- Track actual activity. Log in, open My Accounts, create a real investment account, record a deposit first, and then record only the purchases, sales and other activity that actually occurred.
Stock Data and the Approximately 10,000-Security Universe
AiBuyStocks includes access to the broad SEC security universe so users are not restricted to a small promotional list chosen by somebody else. The universe can contain approximately 10,000 securities and can include operating companies, ETFs, funds, SPACs, units, warrants, rights and preferred securities. The number changes as securities are added, removed or updated.
Importing or updating stock data
- Open Advanced > Stock Data Import.
- Select Open Stock Import and Progress.
- Start the import and leave the application running while it processes the stages.
- Use the progress page to see the current stage, ticker, processed and failed counts, elapsed time and database growth.
- If the process is interrupted, return to the same screen and resume it.
The import loads the SEC security master and available public observations used to create decision dimensions. SEC EDGAR provides issuer fundamentals and available filing evidence; BLS and U.S. Treasury data provide applicable economic inputs. Source dates and provenance remain visible in the advanced evidence screens.
Choosing Stocks to Compare
Open Choose Stocks, then select Open the Stock Selection Table. Search by ticker, company name, exchange, security type or SEC industry description. The Operating Companies Only switch changes what is displayed; it does not delete securities or erase saved checkboxes.
- Check each operating company you want the Decision Engine to evaluate.
- Use the stock's Max Allocation control to cap the percentage of the portfolio that stock may receive. The optimizer may allocate less.
- Select a table row when you want to open that company's Stock Dashboard. Row selection and the comparison checkbox are separate actions.
- Check at least two operating companies before calculating Stocks to Buy.
- Use Clear Checked when you intentionally want to remove all saved candidates.
Selecting 20 stocks compared with selecting 1,000
| Candidate set | What changes | What does not change |
|---|---|---|
| About 20 stocks | Only those 20 compete. The run is faster, the output is smaller and each result is easier to inspect. | Every checked operating company still passes through the same configured Dimensions, Relationships and Constraints. |
| Hundreds to 1,000 stocks | The engine has a broader opportunity set, performs more calculations, and can produce different relative ranks and allocations. | Checking more stocks does not cause the final portfolio to buy all of them. |
A company can remain individually acceptable but receive a different rank or allocation when the competitors change. The Max Stocks to Buy setting is applied after every checked candidate is evaluated, and hard constraints can reduce the final number even further.
Market Data and Prices
Fundamentals can be compared when some market observations are missing, but risk, liquidity and purchase-ready share calculations require suitable current or historical market data. AiBuyStocks does not invent missing values.
Decision-use market CSV
Open Advanced > Market Data Import and import a CSV obtained from
a broker or another source you are authorized to use. Required columns are
Ticker, Date and Close. Optional columns are
Open, High, Low and Volume.
USER_SUPPLIED observations may be used to calculate realized volatility, beta and
benchmark correlation, dollar liquidity, maximum drawdown, valuation evidence,
current comparison utility and target-share sizing.
User-entered current price
Open a company's Stock Dashboard and save its current price when you need a certified sizing price. For stale-price protection, a decision run uses that manual price only when it was saved during the preceding 24 hours. Re-enter the current price before a later run when necessary.
IEX HIST reference data
An official IEX HIST .pcap or .pcap.gz file supplies
delayed, IEX-only reference prices. IEX_HIST is display/reference-only: it is never
used to choose a stock, set a portfolio weight or calculate target shares. Use of
this data is subject to the IEX Historical Data Terms of Use shown in the app.
Required Stock-Price Data and Paid Feeds
What market data is needed
| Data | Why AiBuyStocks needs it |
|---|---|
| Current stock price | Calculates purchase-ready dollar values and target share quantities and values current account holdings. |
| Historical daily closing prices | Supports realized volatility, beta, benchmark correlation, maximum drawdown and other time-series measurements. |
| Historical daily volume | Supports dollar-liquidity measurements used by the decision process. |
| Open, high and low prices | Optional fields that preserve a more complete daily market record when the provider supplies them. |
Ways to provide the data
| Method | Current use | Important limitation |
|---|---|---|
| Authorized market-history CSV | Available now through Advanced > Market Data Import and preferred for complete decision-use measurements. | You must obtain the file from a broker or provider whose terms permit your use of it. |
| Paid market-data provider | The app can now save an encrypted, per-user provider connection and test whether its API credentials work. | The current connection test does not download prices or populate MarketDailyBars. A provider-specific downloader is the next implementation step. |
| Manual current price | Available now from Stock Dashboard for fresh share sizing and from an account for holding valuation. | One current price does not create the historical observations needed for volatility, beta, correlation, drawdown or liquidity. |
| IEX HIST | Provides delayed, IEX-only reference information when the user supplies an authorized file. | Reference only; never used to select stocks, assign portfolio weights or calculate target shares. |
Configure and test a paid provider
- Purchase or obtain access from a market-data provider whose agreement permits your intended use. The subscription and any exchange fees are paid directly to that provider, not to AiBuyStocks.
- Log in and open Advanced > Market Data Provider.
- Enter a Provider Name and the provider's HTTPS API Base URL without including the API key.
- Enter a small authenticated GET endpoint supplied by the provider for the Connection-Test Endpoint. It must begin with
/. - Select the provider's authentication method: query-string parameter, HTTP header or bearer access token.
- For query-string or header authentication, enter the required API-Key Name; then enter the API key or access token and enable the provider.
- Select Save Provider Connection, then select Test Connection.
- Review the saved test date, success or failure result, HTTP status and message. A passing test confirms access to that test endpoint only.
Each connection belongs to the logged-in local user. Its API key or token is
encrypted before being stored in AiBuyStocks.aidb, and the saved secret
is not displayed again. Leave the key field blank while editing to keep the existing
encrypted value, or enter a new value to replace it.
MarketDailyBars table.
Provider APIs use different URLs, symbols, response formats, paging rules, rate limits and adjustment methods. That is why the automatic downloader must be implemented and tested for the specific provider selected; a generic successful API test cannot safely interpret every provider's market-data response.
Calculating Stocks to Buy
The Stocks to Buy screen always uses the checkboxes saved on the Stocks screen; it does not create or load a second stock list. Before running the calculation, review the readiness panels for market data, return-equation inputs, dimension evidence and certified sizing prices.
| Instruction | How it is used |
|---|---|
| Available Capital | The amount the optimizer may allocate. It is an instruction, not money transferred to AiBuyStocks. |
| Return Target | A mathematical objective and authorization hurdle for the selected horizon. It is not a forecast, promise or guarantee. |
| Investment Horizon | Selects 30, 90, 180 or 365 days and defines both return scaling and the forward-state authorization window. |
| Max Stocks to Buy | Limits how many eligible candidates may receive capital after all checked stocks have been evaluated. |
Select Calculate Stocks to Buy. The engine evaluates current Dimensions, Relationships, hard Constraints and available forward-state evidence, then optimizes allocations within per-stock, sector, position-count and budget limits. Capital can remain in cash when eligible candidates cannot absorb 100 percent without violating a configured limit.
Understanding Results and Decision Certificates
| Result | Meaning |
|---|---|
| BUY | The stock was authorized and received an allocation in this run. |
| ELIGIBLE | The stock was authorized but received no allocation under the current competitors and limits. |
| REJECT | The stock failed an authorization requirement. Read the veto, reason and binding constraint. |
| INSUFFICIENT DATA | Evidence configured as required was unavailable, so the engine could not authorize the stock. |
| NOT APPLICABLE | The selected security is not an operating company to which the current fundamental model applies. |
The results table reports rank, scores, data coverage, calculated return potential, return gap, allocation, dollars, price, shares, market evidence, risk, volatility, drawdown, liquidity and forward-state evidence when available. Use the export buttons to save a report of the current run.
Decision Certificate™
Select a result row and open its Decision Certificate. The certificate records the run inputs, result, explanation, model and rule versions, evidence sources and dates, input/constraint/decision hashes, return objective, optimizer state, Dimensions, Relationships, Constraints and available ΔT/AOH/FICC/RFS forward-state evidence. This creates an auditable explanation of what the engine evaluated at that time.
Advanced Model Screens
Stock Dashboard
Search for or open one stock to inspect its company information, reference price, decision readiness, composite dimension score, data coverage, blocking issues, constraint violations and every current dimension value. The table shows raw and normalized values, weights, contributions, safe ranges, temporal values, status, source and observation date. You can refresh available SEC data and enter the current price used for share sizing.
Dimensions
Dimension Studio controls how each decision factor is sourced, normalized, weighted, ranged and handled when data is missing. It also controls whether a dimension is enabled, required or used as a gate. Enabled weights should be reviewed as a complete model; changing one setting can change scores and authorizations.
Relationships
Relationships define how two or more dimension values interact and contribute to the decision. Use this screen to inspect and maintain the active relationships, their weights, formulas, thresholds and status. Relationship evidence is recorded in each Decision Certificate.
Constraints
Constraints are authorization rules and portfolio limits. They can enforce required ranges, position limits, sector concentration, data requirements and other hard boundaries. A hard constraint can veto a security even when its score is otherwise high. Review constraint changes carefully before calculating a new run.
These screens are intended for a user who understands the model. A new user can leave the supplied configuration unchanged and follow START HERE.
Login and Investor Profiles
Stock research can be explored separately, but My Accounts requires a login so every person's account records remain separated. Creating an AiBuyStocks login does not create a brokerage login and does not give AiBuyStocks access to a broker.
Create a local login
- Select Create Account from the login screen.
- Enter first name, last name and email.
- Create a password with at least 10 characters containing a letter and a number, then confirm it.
- After registration, AiBuyStocks creates the first Investor Profile and a private, read-only Demo Account for that login.
Use Remember Me only on a computer you control. Use Logout when finished on a shared computer.
What an Investor Profile represents
An Investor Profile identifies the person or investing entity that owns one or more investment accounts. It is similar to a company or customer record in accounting software: the profile is the parent, and brokerage, retirement, trust or other investment accounts belong beneath it. A profile can store a name, contact name, email and phone number.
Demo and Real Investment Accounts
Private Demo Account
Every new login receives its own Demo Account. It is not one public account shared by everyone. The account is read-only and contains sample purchases, a sale, a cash dividend, a stock split and fees so the user can see transactions, holdings, gains and performance without changing real records. Demo Accounts do not count against the FREE real-account limit.
Create a real account
- Open My Accounts.
- Under Add a Real Investment Account, choose the Investor Profile that owns it.
- Enter an account name and, if desired, the broker or institution.
- Select Brokerage, Traditional IRA, Roth IRA, 401(k), 403(b), Trust, Custodial or Other.
- Optionally enter only the last four digits, opened date and notes.
- Select Add Account, then open the new account.
Account Settings can change the name, institution, type, last four digits, opened date and notes. Closing an account prevents new activity but preserves its complete history. A closed account can later be reopened.
Recording Transactions and Stock Splits
| Type | Information to enter | Effect |
|---|---|---|
| Purchase | Date, ticker, security name, shares, price, fees and taxes. | Uses cash and creates or adds to FIFO security lots. |
| Sale | Date, ticker, shares, price, fees and taxes. | Removes shares from the oldest available lots first and calculates realized gain or loss. A sale cannot exceed shares held. |
| Cash dividend | Date, ticker and cash amount. | Adds cash and dividend income. |
| Reinvested dividend | Date, ticker, shares, price and applicable amounts. | Records dividend income and adds reinvested shares. |
| Fee, Interest or Tax | Date and cash amount, plus notes when useful. | Records account income or expense and updates cash and performance. |
| Deposit, Withdrawal, Transfer In or Transfer Out | Date and cash amount. | Records external cash flows used to calculate net contributions and cash-flow-adjusted performance. |
| Cash Adjustment | Date, cash amount and an explanatory note. | Corrects cash when a supported ordinary transaction type does not describe the change. |
Stock split or reverse split
Use Record a Stock Split, enter the ticker, effective date and the ratio as New Shares to Old Shares. A 2-for-1 split is 2 to 1; a 1-for-5 reverse split is 1 to 5. The application adjusts the shares held on the effective date and preserves the economic cost basis.
Correcting a mistake
Use Reverse beside the incorrect transaction. Reversal does not erase the original record; the original and the reversing record remain in Transaction History for an audit trail. Then enter the correct transaction.
Holdings, Prices and Performance
After every accepted change, AiBuyStocks rebuilds the account ledger, holdings, FIFO lots, lot dispositions, valuation and performance snapshots. The account page summarizes total value, cash, stock value, net deposits, investment gain, realized gain, unrealized gain, dividends, fees and total return.
Prices and current holdings
- Use Update from Local Market Data to apply the newest permitted price already stored in the app's local market database.
- Use Update a Stock Price to enter a ticker, price and date manually when necessary.
- If a holding says Needs price, its market value and unrealized gain cannot be completed until a price is available.
How performance is measured
| Measure | Explanation |
|---|---|
| Total return | Overall investment gain relative to the recorded net contributions when a valid denominator is available. |
| Modified Dietz | Adjusts return for the amount and timing of external deposits, withdrawals and transfers during the measurement period. |
| Money-weighted return | Uses the timing of recorded cash flows and ending value to calculate an XIRR-style return when the cash-flow pattern permits a solution. |
| Realized gain | Gain or loss from completed sales using FIFO lot accounting. |
| Unrealized gain | Current market value minus the remaining cost basis of open holdings. |
The value-history chart is built from saved performance snapshots. Performance begins after the first account transaction and is only as accurate as the transactions, dates, cash flows and prices entered.
Advanced Brokerage CSV Import
Brokerage Account Import is an Advanced PRO function. It is not a Settings function. It imports a broker-neutral CSV into a selected real account and recalculates that account locally.
- Open Advanced > Brokerage Account Import, or open an account and select Advanced Brokerage CSV Import.
- Select the destination account.
- Download the supplied CSV template.
- Convert the broker export to the template's columns and transaction types.
- Select the CSV and choose Import and Recalculate Account.
- Review all validation messages, holdings, cash, gains and Transaction History against the broker statement.
The template columns are
Type, Date, Ticker,
SecurityName, Quantity, UnitPrice,
Amount, Fees, Taxes,
RatioNumerator, RatioDenominator,
ExternalReference and Notes. Type and Date are always
required; the required financial fields depend on the transaction type. Use dates in
YYYY-MM-DD format.
The safety limits are 5 MB and 10,000 data rows per file. The importer calculates a SHA-256 file hash and a deterministic fingerprint for each normalized row to prevent the same activity from being imported twice. The CSV is processed on the computer and is not sent to a brokerage service.
FREE and PRO Versions
| Capability | FREE | PRO |
|---|---|---|
| Private Demo Account for each login | Included | Included |
| Real Investor Profiles | One | Multiple |
| Real investment accounts | One | Multiple |
| Manual transaction, split and price entry | Included | Included |
| Holdings and performance calculations | Included | Included |
| Advanced Brokerage CSV Import | Not included | Included |
The Demo Account never consumes the real-account allowance. When the FREE limit has been reached, existing records remain available; authorize PRO to add more Investor Profiles or real accounts.
Settings and PRO Authorization
Theme
Open Settings and use the theme button to switch between Dark Mode and Light Mode. The choice is saved on the computer for later sessions.
Authorize an existing PRO purchase
- Open PRO Version > Enter License Key.
- Use the displayed Installation ID when support or license administration requires it.
- Enter the email address used to purchase AiBuyStocks PRO.
- Select Authorize PRO Version.
- After success, refresh or reopen My Accounts so PRO features reflect the new entitlement.
Authorization contacts the licensing server, verifies an active AiBuyStocks PRO license and binds it to the installation's randomly generated Installation ID. The local license file is then verified by the application. If the server is unavailable, authorization cannot complete; existing local financial data is unaffected.
A license already assigned to another installation must be transferred or reset through the applicable license-support process before it can authorize this computer.
Local Databases, Privacy and Backup
AiBuyStocks uses local SQLite databases for application settings, stocks, economic data, decision evidence and private investor/account records. At application startup the database bootstrapper checks the required files, tables, columns, indexes and seed/demo data, and creates or safely migrates anything missing.
| Database | Purpose |
|---|---|
AiBuyStocks.aidb | Core application data and settings. |
StockData.aidb | SEC security universe, company observations and market data. |
EconomicData.aidb | Applicable economic observations and provenance. |
DecisionEngine.aidb | Model configuration, decision runs, results and certificate evidence. |
InvestorData.aidb | Local users, sessions, Investor Profiles, accounts, transactions, lots, holdings, prices and performance. |
PathManager stores these files in the current user's writable application-data directory so the same code works on Windows and macOS:
- Windows:
%LOCALAPPDATA%\AiBuyStocks\Libs - macOS:
~/Library/Application Support/AiBuyStocks/Libs
Private account records and brokerage CSV content remain local. The app uses network access for the separate license-authorization service and for public-data imports that you start. It does not transmit account transactions to a broker.
Saved market-data provider settings are also local and belong to the logged-in user.
Provider API keys and access tokens are encrypted before storage in
AiBuyStocks.aidb. Treat the database and its encryption-key files as
sensitive data and include them together when backing up or moving an installation.
Backup
Close AiBuyStocks before copying database files. Back up the complete
AiBuyStocks\Libs folder so related databases remain from the same point
in time. Store the backup securely because InvestorData.aidb contains
private financial records. Restore only while the app is closed.
Troubleshooting
| Problem | What to check |
|---|---|
| No stocks are displayed | Open Advanced > Stock Data Import. Database creation and the large stock-universe import are separate operations; start or resume the import. |
| Stocks to Buy cannot run | Check at least two operating companies. Confirm the selected instruments are model-applicable and review the readiness warnings. |
| Price or Shares is blank | Import authorized decision-use market data or save a current price on Stock Dashboard, then calculate a new run. IEX_HIST cannot size shares. |
| Result says INSUFFICIENT DATA | Open the Stock Dashboard and Decision Certificate to identify the missing required evidence. Refresh/import available source data. |
| A purchase is rejected | Record the deposit or transfer first and verify shares, price, fees, taxes and date. |
| A sale is rejected | Verify that enough shares were held on the sale date after considering earlier trades, reversals and splits. |
| A holding says Needs price | Use Update from Local Market Data or enter a manual account price and date. |
| Performance is blank | Performance starts after account activity. Enter complete dated cash flows and current prices; money-weighted return also requires a cash-flow pattern with a mathematical solution. |
| CSV import fails | Use the downloaded template, preserve Type and Date, use YYYY-MM-DD dates, check transaction-specific fields, and stay below 5 MB and 10,000 rows. |
| Market-data provider connection test fails | Confirm the HTTPS API Base URL, the GET test endpoint, the selected authentication method, API-Key Name, key or token, provider account status and internet access. Check the saved HTTP status and message. |
| Provider test passes but no prices are downloaded | This is expected in the current version. The screen saves and tests the connection only; import an authorized market-history CSV until the provider-specific downloader is added. |
| Cannot add another profile or account | The FREE version permits one real Investor Profile and one real account. Authorize PRO for additional profiles and accounts. |
| PRO authorization fails | Confirm the purchase email, internet/server availability and that the license is active, sent, not blocked and not bound to another installation. |
| Database files are not visible | Launch the full application once, then inspect the PathManager location for the signed-in operating-system user. Confirm that user can write to the application-data folder. |
Important Use and Data Notices
- AiBuyStocks is mathematical research and decision-support software; it is not a brokerage account and does not execute orders or custody assets.
- A score, ranking, authorization, allocation, Return Potential, Return Target, BUY result or Decision Certificate is not a promise or guarantee of profit.
- Markets, companies, filings, prices and economic conditions change. Refresh the relevant information before relying on a new decision run.
- Use only market and brokerage data you have the right to use, and observe the source terms displayed by the application.
- Account calculations depend on complete and accurate user-entered or imported records. Reconcile holdings, cash and transactions with official broker statements.
- Read Advanced > Commercial & Data Disclosures and the Important User Agreement for the controlling disclosures and acceptance terms.
- The user remains responsible for investment, tax, legal and regulatory decisions and should obtain qualified professional advice when appropriate.